What is typically connected to the cable modem to allow multiple computers to access the Internet?

The connection of a router to a cable modem is essential for facilitating Internet access to multiple computers within a home or office network. The router acts as a central hub that manages traffic between the modem and various connected devices, allowing them to share the Internet connection. It accomplishes this through network address translation (NAT), which enables multiple devices to access the Internet using a single public IP address assigned by the Internet Service Provider (ISP). Furthermore, routers commonly offer additional functionalities such as wireless connectivity, network security features, and the ability to create a local area network (LAN), enhancing the overall networking experience.

In contrast, while a switch can expand the number of wired connections available by allowing multiple devices to connect to a network, it does not provide routing capabilities. A fiber-optic line connecting directly to each computer is impractical in typical setups due to the complexity and cost. Furthermore, while each computer requires a network interface card (NIC) to connect to a network, these cards alone cannot accomplish the task of enabling multiple systems to access the Internet simultaneously without a router. Thus, the router's role in connecting to the cable modem is integral for multiple devices to access the Internet efficiently.